[토플스피킹] 유용한 스피킹 표현 문장/포맷 useful expressions for TOEFL speaking-3

Conversation

1. Stating the Problem

 

The man/woman's problem is (that) ~ 남자/여자의 문제는 ~이다.
The woman's problem is that she cannot decide whether to stay in the dormitory or to get a house off campus.

 

The man/woman has difficulty/trouble with ~ 남자/여자는 ~에 곤란을 겪고 있다.
The man has difficulty with the registration for his major course.

 

The man/woman is having a hard time V-ing~ 남자/여자는 ~하는 데 어려움을 겪고 있다
The woman is having a hard time studying calculus

 

The man/woman is struggling with ~ 남자/여자는 ~로 고민하고 있다.
The man is struggling with the new school policy which prohibits the use of calculators in math class.

 

The problem they discuss is (that) 그들이 논의하는 문제는 ~이다.
The problem they discuss is (that) there are too many people attending the presentation and not enough seating.

 

2. Stating the Solutions

 

The man/woman suggests two solutions to the problem. One is ~, and the other is ~ 

남자/여자는 문제 대해 두 가지 해결책을 제안한다. 하나는 ~이고, 다른 하나는 ~이다.
The man suggests two solutions to the problem. One is to postpone the woman's trip to the museum. The other is to borrow a car from her friend.

 

There are two solutions presented. The first is -, and the other/second is ~

두 가지 해격책이 제시되었다. 첫째는 ~이고 다른 하나/둘째는 ~이다.
There are two solutions presented. The first is to take an oral exam instead of a written exam, and the other is to write a report.

 

The man/woman suggests that she/he either ~ or ~ 남자/여자는 상대방에게 ~하든지 ~하라고 제안한다
The woman suggests that he should either spend the money and take part in the study abroad program or save it and stay on campus.

 

The man/woman advises him/her either to-V ~ or ~ 남자/여자는 상대방에게 ~하거나 ~하라고 조언한다 
The man advises her either to attend the school play or the band concert.

 

3. Explaining Your Position

(1) Stating Your Preference
I think the man/woman hould~ 나는 남자/여자가 ~해야 한다고 생각한다.
I think the man should take honors classes.

 

If I were him/her, | would ~ 만약 내가 그(녀)라면 ~하겠다
If I were him, I would quit my part-time job and concentrate on my studies.

 

Between the two solutions, I prefer ~ (to~)  두 가지 해결책 중 나는 (~보다) ~가 더 좋다
Between the two solutions, I prefer living in a dormitory to getting a single apartment near campus.

(2) Giving Reasons
One reason (why I prefer this solution) is that 내가 그 해결책을 선호하는 한가지 이유는 ~이다
One reason why I prefer this solution is that the man could save money if he lived in a dormitory.

 

Another reason is that S+V ~ 또 다른 이유는 ~이다
Another reason is that he can make friends with students in other majors more easily.

 

Also/Moreover/Besides, V~ 또한/더욱이/게다가 ~이다
Moreover, he can save time to go to classes.

Lecture

1. Stating the Topic of the Lecture

The lecture is (mainly) about~ 강의는 주로 ~에 관한 것이다
The lecture is mainly about the kinds of propaganda used in advertising.

 

The topic of the lecture is ~ 강의 주제는 ~이다
The topic of the lecture is how flowers attract insects to pollinate them

 

The professor talks about ~ 교수는 ~에 관해 말한다
The professor talks about some animals that change their skin color to protect themselves.

 

The professor discusses/explains~ 교수는 ~에 관해 논한다/ 설명한다.
The professor discusses how to prevent food decay by keeping bacteria in check.

According to the lecture/professor, ~ is ~ 강의/교수에 따르면 ~는 ~이다.
According to the lecture, shaping is teaching someone new behavior through selective reinforcement

 

According to the lecture/professor, ~ refers to ~ 강의/교수에 따르면 ~는 ~을 일컫는다.
Accordina to the professor, marketing refers to business activities to attract people's attention to a certain product and make them buy it.

 

2. Explaining the Details

 

(1) Talking about Subtopics
The professor says there are two ways to V ~ 교수는 ~하는 두 가지 방법이 있다고 말한다
The professor says there are two ways for flowers to attract insects.

 

The first (one) is ~, and the second (one) is ~ 첫째는 ~이고, 둘째는 ~이다
The first one is by fragrance, and the second one is by color.

 

According to the professor, there are two types/kinds of ~ 교수에 따르면, ~에는 두 종류가 있다
According to the professor, there are two kinds of utility in economics.

 

According to the lecture, there are two factors 강의에 따르면 ~에는 두 가지 요인이 있다
According to the lecture, there are two factors in food decay.

 

One is -, and the other is ~ 하나는 ~이고, 다른 하나는 ~이다
One is proper temperature, and the other is a proper level of moisture.

 

(2) Talking about Examples
The professor gives two examples of ~ 교수는 ~의 두 가지 예를 든다 
The professor gives two examples of plants' adaptation to the environment.

 

The professor explains ~ by giving two examples. 교수는 두 가지 예를 들어서 ~을 설명한다
The professor explains the extinction of dinosaurs by giving two examples.

 

The professor talks/speaks about ~ as an example 교수는 ~의 예로 ~에 관해 말한다
The professor talks about the horn frog as an example of an animal that changes its skin color.

 

The professor gives ~ as an example of ~ 교수는 ~의 예로 ~을 든다
The professor gives a cereal box design as an example of marketing.

 

The professor gives one more example that shows ~ 교수는 ~을 보여주는 예를 하나 더 든다
The professor gives one more example that shows the different color varieties of the begonia flower.

 

The other example (of ~) is~ (~의) 다른 예는 ~이다
The other example of overgeneralization is the case in which a child regards every four-legged animal as a dog.